introduction hindered amine light stabilizers (hals) are a class of highly effective light stabilizers used to protect polymers, primarily plastics and coatings, from degradation caused by ultraviolet ...

polyurethane (pu) materials are widely utilized in a diverse range of applications, including coatings, adhesives, elastomers, and foams. their versatility stems from the ability to tailor their prope ...

ⅰ. introduction polyurethane (pu) is a versatile polymer material widely utilized in various applications due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and processability. however, ...

introduction flexible polyurethane foam (fpu) is a versatile material widely used in various applications, including furniture, bedding, automotive interiors, and packaging. its open-celled structure ...