abstract: rigid polyurethane (rpu) foams are widely utilized in various industries due to their excellent thermal insulation properties, structural strength, and cost-effectiveness. traditionally, tin ...

polyurethane (pu) rigid foam is a widely used insulation material in construction, refrigeration, and transportation industries. polyisocyanurate (pir) panels, a modified form of pu rigid foam, offer ...

introduction polyurethane (pu) rigid foam is a closed-cell polymer material renowned for its excellent thermal insulation properties, high strength-to-weight ratio, and versatile applications in const ...

introduction polyurethane (pu) rigid foams are widely used in various applications, including insulation, construction, and automotive industries, due to their excellent thermal insulation properties, ...